Friday, December 27, 2019

The History of Cheesecake and Cream Cheese

According to anthropologists who have found cheese molds dating back to that period, cheese making can be traced back as far as 2,000 B.C. Cheesecake, however, is believed to have originated in ancient Greece. In fact, a form of cheesecake may have been served to the athletes during the first Olympic Games held in 776 B.C. to give them energy. Greek brides of the era also cooked and served cheesecake to their wedding guests. In The Oxford Companion to Food, editor Alan Davidson notes that cheesecake was mentioned in Marcus Porcius Catos De re Rustica around 200 BCE and that Cato described making his cheese libum (cake) with results very similar to modern cheesecake. The Romans spread the tradition of cheesecake from Greece across Europe. Centuries later, cheesecake appeared in America, with a variety of regional recipes brought over by immigrants. Cream Cheese When Americans think of cheesecake now, its most often associated with a product that has a cream cheese base. Cream cheese was invented in 1872 by American dairyman William Lawrence of Chester, New York, who accidentally stumbled on a method of producing cream cheese while trying to reproduce a French cheese called Neufchà ¢tel. In 1880, Lawrence began distributing his cream cheese in foil wrappers under the auspices of the Empire Cheese Company of South Edmeston, New York, where he manufactured the product. However, you might know it better by the more famous name Lawrence came up with for his not Neufchà ¢tel—Philadelphia Brand Cream Cheese. In 1903, the Phoenix Cheese Company bought Lawrences business—and with it, the Philadelphia trademark. In 1928, the brand was bought by the Kraft Cheese Company. James L. Kraft invented pasteurized cheese in 1912, which led to the development of pasteurized Philadelphia Brand cream cheese, currently the most popular cheese used for cheesecake making. Kraft Foods still owns and produces Philadelphia Cream Cheese today. Fast Facts: Cheesecake Favorites Traditional Greek Cheesecake—Most â€Å"traditional† Greek cheesecake is made using ricotta cheese, however, for the real deal, try to find authentic unsalted  anthotyros or myzirtha cheeses which are made with either goat’s or sheep’s milk. Greek cheesecake is usually sweetened with honey. Some recipes incorporate flour directly into the cheese/honey mixture prior to baking, while others employ a crust.Cream Cheese Cheesecake—The cheesecake most Americans grew up with is one or another version of a cream cheese cheesecake. At the bottom of such cheesecakes, you’ll usually find a crust made of crushed Graham crackers or other cookies (Oreos are a top choice for chocolate cheesecakes) that have been blended with butter and tamped into the bottom of a pan or mold. Cheesecakes that rely on a custard base must be baked. (The original New York Cheesecake that hails from Juniors on Flatbush Avenue in Brooklyn is a baked cheesecake.) However, ther e are scads of recipes that use a blend of other rich ingredients—such as sour cream, Greek yogurt, or heavy cream—that firm up in the refrigerator to create a â€Å"no-bake cheesecake.† Cheesecake is Technically Pie, Not Cake While its called cheesecake because cheesecake is generally unleavened and usually has a crust—whether that crust is baked or not—its is really a form of pie. Most baked cheesecakes use a custard base for filling comprised of milk, eggs, sugar, salt, and vanilla or other flavorings. The standard cheesecake recipe has the addition of cream cheese but allows for variations in the type of crust, other flavorings, such as chocolate, and a variety of toppings that range from fruit to nuts to candy. Another misconception about cheesecake is that it has to be sweet. The French classic, quiche, is for all intents and purposes a savory cheesecake. You can find any number of recipes for savory cheese pies from countries across Europe and throughout the United States.

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Parenting Styles And Presenting A United Front - 895 Words

Parenting Styles and Presenting a United Front By Shonda Kellams | Submitted On August 02, 2012 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook Share this article on Twitter Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon Share this article on Delicious Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest Expert Author Shonda Kellams So what exactly does a united front mean? We hear it often from parenting experts on TV, the Internet, and in magazines, but do parents really understand it in practice? Everyone has a different style of parenting, and a united front means to join your parenting together so that children†¦show more content†¦Our parenting styles come mostly from our own upbringing, some of us repeat how our parents raised us, others tweak our parent s style a little. When co-parenting the idea is to combine both styles of parenting and reach a compromise. Before deciding exactly how you will combine your parenting styles to raise your children it is important to understand the basic parenting styles and the effect each has on the children. 1. Authoritarian Parents - This parenting style is one where the rules are set and if broken children are punished. There is no explanation of why the rules exist. These parents have high demands and expect their orders to be obeyed. It is believed to be the main style of parenting in the 1950 s which is said to have created the rebellious baby boomers of the 60 s and 70 s. Children do not make any of their own choices. 2. Authoritative Parents - These parents also set rules which they expect their children to follow, but the rules are explained. Parents are more forgiving rather than punishing and children are allowed to make their own choices. Parents are also open to discussion with their children. These parents often take advantage of teaching moments and open, honest communication with their children. 3. Permissive Parents - These parents have very few, if any demands or expectations of their children. Children make their own choices and parents behave more like a friend than a parent. Children tend to become sexually active much

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Mississippi Burning free essay sample

The relationship between white Americans and African-Americans in the USA in the early 1960s Mississippi Burning is a movie that takes place in the early 1960s, 1964 to be exact, in a small town named Jessup. The relationship between the black and the white is very intense and the black people are treated like they are a step below the normal white man. The plot in the movie is about a missing person case (three boys fighting for the black people’s rights suddenly disappear) that two FBI agents are to investigate, and they get swept up into something much bigger than what they just came for; the conflict between the black and the white that took place in south of America in the 1960s. That is what I’m going to discuss further in this essay, namely what the movie tells us about the relationship between the white Americans and the Black American. SCENE displays this as once the FBI men have had the fright of their life they spot something outside, to then see it is a burning cross. At this point the cross is burning bright and the environment around is dull, almost not there. This is highlighting the fact that at this point of time the police are winning and their ways are brighter and better then there’s. This proves that the police believe that treating black people like dogs is okay. Throughout the film there are dramatic camera angles, the best one that highlights the whole movie is the opening scene, where we are looking directly at a white mans’ drinking fountain and a black mans’ drinking fountain, the differences in the fountains show that black men have no rights and white men have too many. Alan Parker uses language and costume to highlight certain characters and their actions. Language being a strong point throughout the film, Alan highlights the fact that the police for example are pig headed by the way they speak. They have a lot of slag and a lot of attitude. Alan highlights the fact that the black people have a voice as when they do speak, they are polite and confident. The way the characters all dress reflects them too, as Alan tries to portray a message that the black people cannot afford not only nice clothes but a better life, that the white men can afford to dress nice but cannot afford a nice attitude. Sound is used to help maintain a scene, to help make it more dramatic, to make you more excited, to prove a point or make you sadder. Sound helps portray messages in such a way that words cant. Mississippi Burning without fail reaches to enhance these points as the film carries out many strong ‘sound’ points. SCENE when the three civil right men are found, the funeral is withheld and a black woman with a strong voice take the scene as she evokes the point that the two white boys were not allowed to be buried near the black boy and not only she, but the whole black culture has had enough of being treated like dirt. This scene shows a rise up, a community of black people standing together for the last time as dirt and rising up together as strong-willed people. Mississippi Burning uses a wide range of techniques to provoke messages being hidden throughout the film. Racial hate and bigotry are constantly highlighted behind mixed messages and a hidden meaning as Alan Parker allows a viewer to withhold their own opinion on not just the film, but racism itself.

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

My opinion when it comes to dealing with Thrasymac Essays

My opinion when it comes to dealing with Thrasymachus ' position give the very mean ruler and the many central roles in the discussion of justice and terribly unfair treatment . My perspective draws out the role of the stronger individual in Thrasymachus ' account in order to show the activitie connected with the beginning or creation of the very mean ruler from the "good people in the world." The stronger individual , in looking for the life of terribly unfair treatment , naturally detaches from the many and hopes to develop into the perfectly unfair, mean ruler . I will also argue that if Thrasymachus ' account of the perfectly unfair l ife of the very mean ruler is to be more than a ideal , then the stronger individual who hopes to become the very mean ruler would do well to lead a double life of chasing after the private terribly unfair treatment while maintaining the public " appearance " of justice . My view of the understanding of this which is noted already by which a double life of justice and terribly unfair treatment is maintained by the very mean ruler who tries to maintain power over th e "good people in the world."

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

10 Interesting Facts About Atoms

10 Interesting Facts About Atoms Everything in the world consists of atoms, so its good to know something about them. Here are 10 interesting and useful atom facts. There are three parts to an atom. Protons have a positive electrical charge and are found together with neutrons (no electrical charge) in the nucleus of each atom. Negatively charged electrons orbit the nucleus.Atoms are the smallest particles that make up elements. Each element contains a different number of protons. For example, all hydrogen atoms have 1 proton while all carbon atoms have 6 protons.  Some matter consists of one type of atom (e.g., gold), while other matter is made of atoms bonded together to form compounds (e.g., sodium chloride).Atoms are mostly empty space. The nucleus of an atom is extremely dense and contains nearly all of the mass of each atom. Electrons contribute very little mass to the atom (it takes 1,836 electrons to equal the size of a proton)  and orbit so far away from the nucleus that each atom is 99.9% empty space. If the atom was the size of a sports arena, the nucleus would be the size of a pea. Although the nucleus is much denser compared wit h the rest of the atom, it too consists mainly of empty space.​ There are over 100 different kinds of atoms. About 92 of them occur naturally, while the remainder are made in labs. The first new atom made by man was technetium, which has 43 protons.  New atoms can be made by adding more protons to an atomic nucleus. However, these new atoms (elements) are unstable and decay into smaller atoms instantaneously. Usually, we only know a new atom was created by identifying the smaller atoms from this decay.The components of an atom are held together by three forces. Protons and neutrons are held together by the strong and weak nuclear forces. Electrical attraction holds electrons and protons. While electrical repulsion repels protons away from each other, the attracting nuclear force is much stronger than electrical repulsion. The strong force that binds together protons and neutrons is 1,038 times more powerful than gravity, but it acts over a very short range, so particles need to be very close to each other to feel its effect.The word atom comes from the Greek word for uncuttable or undivided. The name comes from the 5th century BCE Greek philosopher Democritus, who believed matter consisted of particles that could not be cut into smaller particles. For a long time, people believed atoms were the fundamental uncuttable unit of matter. While atoms are the building blocks of elements, that can be divided into still smaller particles. Also, nuclear fission and nuclear decay can break atoms into smaller atoms. Atoms are very small. The average atom is about one-tenth of a  billionth of a meter across. The largest atom (cesium) is approximately nine times bigger than the smallest atom (helium).Although atoms are the smallest unit of an element, they consist of even tinier particles called quarks and leptons. An electron is a lepton. Protons and neutrons consist of three quarks each.The most abundant type of atom in the universe is the hydrogen atom. Nearly 74% of the atoms in the Milky Way galaxy are hydrogen atoms.You have around 7 billion billion billion atoms in your body, yet you replace about 98% of them every year! Take an Atom Quiz

Saturday, November 23, 2019

Asthma Essays - Respiratory Therapy, Asthma, Free Essays

Asthma Essays - Respiratory Therapy, Asthma, Free Essays Asthma subject = Heath title = Asthma Asthma What is Asthma ? Asthma is a disorder that affects 20% of Australians in their childhood. It causes airways to narrow making it difficult to breathe. Symptoms may include loss of breathe in cold weather, wheezing and whistling. It may occur periodically in sudden sharp attacks. When an attack occurs - The muscles around the wind pipe tighten shrinking the airways. The wind pipe lining then swells (picture) and a mucus called phlegm develops causing the cough to intensify and slightly more painful. What are the Causes and Triggers for asthma ? Attacks of Asthma occur due to a blockage in the bronchial tubes. This blockage results from a spasm that narrows the windpipe causing breathing difficulty for the sufferer. Asthma Triggers are things that make Asthma worse. Usual triggers are - Respiratory infections eg. Colds, flu, sore throats and bronchitis Allergic reactions sometimes cause Asthma eg. Pollen, foods, dust, animal fur or some seed. Air irritants (similar to Allergic reactions) eg. Cigarette smoke, gases or dust. Excessive/strenuous exercise can cause an Asthma attack. Emotional Stress can also trigger an Asthma attack. Symptoms of Asthma Symptoms include wheezing from the chest or a slight whistling is heard when inhaling. It's even louder when exhaling. Tightness of the chest, lung and lung area are closely associated with Asthma. Treatment for asthma There is no cure for Asthma but there are steps that doctors take to help relieve the symptoms of Asthma. As a first step doctors try to remove or get the patient to avoid Asthma triggers such as "animal dander" (eg. Fur or hairs). These are very likely to trigger an Asthma attack. Places where animals dwell are advised to be kept clear of for a sufferer. Since it is impossible to remove or avoid all triggers there are medications that can be taken. Such as - - Anti - Inflammatory Drugs : these reduce swelling of the windpipe and it's lining. Oral Steroids - prednisone and prednisolone quickly reduce inflammation during an attack. Inhaled medicines - such as cromoyln sodium and inhaled corticosteroids keep inflammation from flaring up. - Bronchodilators : relax the muscles which have tightened around the windpipe. Adrenergic bronchodilators ("Beta 2 agonists") provide temporary relief but do not treat inflammation. These are available as an Inhaler or a tablet form. Unfortunately the tablets are slower and have a few side affects. Theophylline is available in a liquid, capsule or tablet form. This drug has a long duration of action making it a very good soother for "night time" Asthma. Ways of preventing asthma There are no ways of preventing Asthma because it is usually genetic, allergically related or following a dose of bronchitis, but there are ways to prevent it from flaring up and turning into an attack. A sufferer can be very careful about his or hers diet because the diet can greatly affect the Asthma. Due to allergic reactions etc. Staying away from pollens and animal fur settles down Asthma. The allergic reactions are the highest causes of Asthma. Make sure you always have medication with you such as Intal and Becotide. These preventative medicines will stop an attack occurring. Summery For an Asthma sufferer breathing can sometimes be a great difficulty due to the fact that at any time their wind pipe can shrink due to inflammation, making it very hard to breathe. But with the right medication eg. Inhalers and Theophylline their life can be much easier. If they also stay away from triggers such as pollen, fur and cigarette smoke the air ways may not be so vulnerable. Even if you don't have Asthma you should keep an eye out for the symptoms which are - chest and lung tightness, wheezing and loss of breath especially in cold weather.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Word Identification Skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Word Identification Skills - Essay Example Teaching word recognition skills at middle school level is important because by that stage, children become responsible enough to take their studies seriously while still being in a tender age. Being in their early teenage, children are quite energetic and responsive that helps in the development of appropriate skills in the most rational manner. My focus would be to enhance their vocabulary to the extent that they learn most of if not all words that are deemed important with respect to the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) as mentioned in (wordhacker.com, 2006). This would also help them prepare for their GRE later. I shall make them memorize ten words on daily basis. Prior to my lecture, I shall make cards of those words and color them differently from one another. I shall dictate them sentences in which those words are used, and then tell them to use those words in their own sentences as a class-work or home-work as deemed appropriate. I shall include certain portion of this vocabulary in the final grade so that the children take the exercise

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Do we need a world treasury to finance peace Essay

Do we need a world treasury to finance peace - Essay Example On the national level these workers are funded for their efforts towards restoring peace. However, in a global perspective, financial resources towards peace-keeping are scarce. In this context, creating a World Treasury would be the first step in working towards global harmony. A WORLD TREASURY: Jan Tinbergen, co-recipient of the first Nobel Prize for economics, observed that almost every ministry at the national level corresponded to some international organization, with the exception of a treasury. Yet without a treasury, which collects taxes and uses them to finance all the other ministries, any government would soon collapse. He therefore proposed the creation of a World Treasury, which could finance peacekeeping, development and protection of the global environment. A World Treasury could raise revenue by auctioning global resources. It would be the logical institution to perform this essential role. Of course, an international board or an elected world parliament, should oversee the proper use of the funds raised in this way and ensure accountability at all levels. Such a method to help finance U.N. peacekeeping operations and sustainable development has five advantages: First, it frees financially pressed governments from paying ever higher contributions. Second, it gives the United Nations and its family of international organizations a more reliable source of funds to meet urgent global needs. Third, it avoids divisive and difficult negotiations over how much each country should contribute, since the richer countries naturally end up paying a higher share. Fourth, it uses market principles to improve the efficiency of allocating scarce resources. And fifth, it helps prevent possible future wars over those resources. (Fischer, Dietrich, p.12). Financing the peace movement and the peace operations from the World Treasury will become imperative. The funds will be used globally for peace-keeping. PEACE

Sunday, November 17, 2019

An Inferential Statistic of Housing Problems Assignment

An Inferential Statistic of Housing Problems - Assignment Example The null hypothesis of equal variances is rejected and it is concluded that there is a difference between the variances in the population.It is called heteroscedasticity. Some of the procedures typically assuming homoscedasticity are the ANOVA, t-tests.Levene's test is often used before a comparison of means. When Levene's test shows significance, one should switch to generalized tests, free from homoscedasticity assumptions. Since the p-value is less than 0.05 ( 0.000) in this case hence homoscedasticity or equal variances cannot be assumed. The computed t statistic is 6.95 which is more than the assumed or critical t statistic of 6.82 for assuming equal variance. The degree of freedom is hence retained as 957.51 and the p values as stated is

Friday, November 15, 2019

All About Motorcycle

All About Motorcycle Motorcycle is a vehicle which only two people take a ride motorcycle, motorcycle have many parts, like body, chassis, engine, tire ,exhaust ,tank and many more, but motorcycle have equipment if you want to ride motorcycle like helmet, shoes ,jacket. All of parts from motorcycle must integrate each of them to work. Motor cycle was build in first time Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach in Stuttgart in 1885Â  [1]Â  .Firstly in 1885 motorcycle its like bicycle adhere the engine, and then they always innovation their prototype. And than after Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach many company popped out like Indian in united states of America ,were Indian motor company start manufacturing in 1901 and ended their production in 1953 because they have bankrupt, Indian motor have many influence to development motorcycle in the world, in world war II some model from Indian motor was used in United state army, along with time motor cycle have big innovation , now motorcycle have man value in our live, not only for vehicle who bring people or things from one place to another place, motorcycle now can be industry for make money, like motorcycle race ,many kinds of motorcycle race is building on type of motorcycle, like trail, super sport , or touring and etc, but some of motorcycle type not be in race, like city bike (except in south east asia) and scooter. First we look to the main part in motorcycle is engine. An engine is a machine that produces mechanical force and motion from another form of energy (e.g. a fuel source, compressed air, or electricity)Â  [2]Â  .in engine many part in side like piston in cylinder, valve, chain, spark, and little parts. Number of cylinder is make different power and torque, 1 cylinder and 2,3,4,5, or 6 cylinder is different in power and torque, in cylinder piston is protected by oil which oil protect from over rubbing in piston ,and the small part is sparkplug ,sparkplug have function to burn gasoline before piston doing piston work. And many gears for support the power must go. Engine have two type four stroke and two stroke, four stoke is like perfecting form from two stroke, but two stroke have plus value like simple mechanically and easy to cold start, but two stork produce to much smoke whereas four stroke produce less of smoke, but four stroke engine is more complicated and the four stroke engi ne is better than two stroke for long distance. And in some year ago born valve control to control speed in low, medium, high. Air cooler or liquid cooler are used too in motorcycle to stabilized power in long time used to control temperature in engine which power of engine can less after use in long time, because of than modern motorcycle have air cooler or liquid cooler. And oil is important part too, oil gives protection from rubbing in piston, you must choose the oil base on your motorcycle specification, because many type of oil, natural and synthetic oil base on ingredients. In oil case is must be written the oil indicator like 20-50, 15- 40, Which means a cold oil flows like a 20 grade but at high temperature it flows like a thicker 50 grade. But now natural oil not be used for now, because synthetic oil better than natural oil, every type motorcycle have different specification, like super sport motorcycle must use more great oil like 5-30 or 10-40 because super sport motorc ycle have most power which piston work hard than another motorcycle so piston in super sport motorcycle must have more protection. And for 2stroke and 4stroke have different oil too. You must change oil periodic because oil has periodic life used, if you not change oil your bike would have not good performance, if your oil not good again, oil have mark if oil not good again color of oil is black. After we look engine, we go to another important thing is its chassis of motorcycle. Chassis is like frame. Motorcycle chassis usually made from iron and mixture from aluminum. But many company produce chassis innovation to find new material to be chassis, and than they combine with carbon fiber and titanium, which that make expensive than old material. Chassis in motorcycle like bone for human, if chassis do not have good strength maybe chassis can break and can cause accident. Chassis have many different types depending on motorcycle type, like chassis for trail bike, super sport bike, and city bike is different like trail bike have chassis with high ground clear, and super sport bike have lower ground clear and longer than trail bike, and for city bike have not more special specification just for conventional motorcycle to push the price, because city bike is use to daily activity. But in some case chassis can be bent because some crash and if you do not repair it motorcycle canno t be ridden well, because chassis is like the main structure. Suspension in the motorcycle is important to because if no suspension in your motorcycle you like ride the horse, suspension like reduce shock in bumpy road, if your motorcycle do not have suspension system they can break the motorcycle chassis. Suspension can make rider have comfort while rider ride the motorcycle like in bumpy road, or in braking condition. Suspensions have some part, like spring, oil or air inside spring, part that connect the chassis part to tire part. Spring is the main part in suspension and then oil or air in inside of spring is in tube that can reduce shock. This part make you must maintained well, if you do not maintained well maybe your suspension can broke like oil in tube broken out and the suspension cannot reduce shock well so you must change the new suspension to get great comfort in your motorcycle. Brake system, to be certain each of motorcycle must have brake system to stop or reduce their speed, if your motorcycles do not have great brake system maybe you have big trouble because it is like you can control your speed. Break system in before 80s era it is brake drum, it is drum with connected to lever, lever have function to push down drum to clipped brake canvas and clipped the part in rim of wheel, drum brake have advantage and disadvantage. Advantage it is cheaper and simpler if you use the drum disk, but drum brake not have good performance in braking. But for these modern eras have new innovation it is disc brake. Iron like disc with piston to clipped disc to reduce or stopping your motorcycle speed. These systems have very helped the automotive world because this system can be optimal in braking and long life use than drum brake. There is disc brake also made in ceramic composite because normal disc brake made from iron steel is have disadvantage not have great performan ce in high temperature so people innovation again and find disk brake made from ceramic composite because ceramic composite material having very high temperature tolerance, so many racing motorcycle use the ceramic composite disk brake. But disk brake must get more attention because if this disk brakes canvas is used up you must change is fast as you can because if you do not change in right time the piston can break disk because no canvas protect disk again. Next part is rim, this part must be partner with tire, because rim cannot have function if no tire and then tire cannot have function if no rim, rim like circle that give main bone for tire, rim made from metal which metal have great strength. Rim have some type depend on type of motorcycle, rim have two characteristic like diameter, and width, like trail motorcycle have bigger diameter than city bike or scooter because trail motorcycle have more high ground clear than scooter or city bike, and touring motorcycle have more width than trail motorcycle because touring motorcycle have design to have long trip, than to make driver comfort must have more width rim, and trail motor do not want comfort but want high ground clear, so rim for touring motorcycle mare width than trail motor. Rim need to be aligned properly, if you not alignment rim bike handling definitely not well, your bike difficult to ride straight. Exhaust, exhaust has function to throw air output from engine, exhaust like pipe made from steel. Exhaust plugs in engine and goes to rear side of motorcycle. Exhaust has 3 part header, pipe, and silencer. Header part plug to engine, and continue to pipe, and finally to silencer and then go to air. Exhaust is influence motorcycle performance, because exhaust can help to increase motorcycle engine, size header, pipe, and silencer. Every motorcycle have different exhaust like motor trail have little than touring or super sport motorcycle and another type motorcycle. In this era exhaust have more innovation like silencer in motorcycle tail, like trail motorcycle. Exhaust is very hot, exhaust can burn you, so exhaust company install the protector, to can save the motorcycle rider. Now exhaust not only made from iron or steel, now made from aluminum, carbon, titanium, the new material make exhaust performance increase because new material can be better than old material in very hot condit ion. Now many company release many model of exhaust, like megaphone, square, triangle and many more in silencer. Transmission and chain, transmission and chain it is like connector from engine to rim and tire, in transmission have some part like belt, chain, and rubber. Transmission has function basically to move the rim and tire. Drive shafts it is like additional part, because is expensive than another part, drive shaft have function to make smooth change transmission, drive belt have more long life for use, but if you ride your bike more than motorcycle ability its can broke the engine and drive belt. And the last part is chain, chain is last part connected transmission to rim and tire, you must maintains chain well, like give lubricating by oil to chain for reduce rubbing, if you not maintain your chain well like do not lubricating by oil, chain can make noise and broken off. After you lubricate chain you must check the strength, if your chain not to strength you must strength your chain because if your chain not to strength your chain can be more susceptible to broken off. Transmission hav e lever which to make rider can change gears, but in scooter do not lever because scooter is automatically change gear, so scooter do not need lever. Clutch is part from transmission system, clutch has function to shift gear from one gear to another gear, clutch have lever for driver to operated clutch. Generally clutch is located in left handle bar in motorcycle. Basically clutch made from wire, clutch like through cable connected to engine between gear and transmission system, beside that clutch can help the rider to use engine brake which in race is can help rider to decrease speed but not to use brake. Electrical is same like electrical in another things, like to turn on light, turn on engine (ignition), to drive all instrument like speedometer, odometer, tachometer, gasoline instrument and many more. In motorcycle to be certain us cant use generator like to get electrical in earth so in motorcycle we must use storage battery which the size of storage battery is possible to use in motorcycle. In motorcycle after storage battery electric go to cable and integrated to fuse and go to their destination, like to head lamp or tail lamp, in motorcycle fuse system has function which to avoids components being damaged by a faulty electrical system, so we can prepare where we have electrical problem we can minimize our problem. In motorcycle have many cable which each cable have different color and different meaning, so we must learn before we change cable or many things in electrical. Storage battery now has 2 type normal storage battery and dry storage battery. Normal storage battery is us ed liquid in inside, and for dry storage battery not used liquid battery. Normal storage battery have more attention to maintain, like you must add more storage battery liquid if liquid in storage battery is decrease, and minus of normal storage battery is if you didnt use in long time, normal storage battery will not have great performance like before you didnt use in long time. Electrical is has many problem if you dont maintain well, like your head lamp not quite bright, hard to start engine, your instrument dont work well. Firstly if you found your motorcycle have problem with electrical you can check your storage battery, check liquid in inside, and then if your motorcycle still not fixed the problem you can check your fuse system, check the fuse is still can be used or not, you can change the fuse, and if cant be fixed your problem you must check your cable and your instrument, the problem in instrument is around there. Dashboard and instrument, you can find many instrument in dashboard like speedometer, odometer, tachometer, gasoline meter, maybe in expensive motorcycle you can find another instrument beside that. Speedometer gives you information about your speed now, speedometer generally located in center of handlebar, now speedometer have 2 type, first is speedometer use needle to give information, in this speedometer needle has background which in background was written number is your speed, so the needle just located in the number where your speed now. Second type is digital speedometer, it is like LCD speedometer, the digital speedometer gives information approximately same like needle speedometer but digital speedometer give in LCD media, digital speedometer have some advantage than needle like more good looking, more detail. But digital speedometer is very complicated than needle speedometer, and digital speedometer dont have long life use as long as needle speedometer. Odometer is instrum ent which located is near speedometer, odometer is instrument to give information about distance which you already ride. Odometer like speedometer has two variant or type classic and digital, classis is like clocking. For digital odometer, basically almost same as classic type but the different is digital odometer display with LCD, and many feature, like have many feature to save our distance and have more good looking than classic odometer. In the past many people used odometer but they dont now odometer is an instrument. Odometer help people very much, like odometer can give how far we go, odometer can prediction time we arrive in destination, odometer can also help people who made map, odometer can be great instrument to know the efficient gasoline in your motorcycle, you can also know how far was motorcycle ride from motorcycle was made till you want know, and many more about distance. Tachometer is important instrument too, tachometer is instrument which give information about rpm in engine and temperature in engine, so you can now your rpm while you drive and you can shift your gear in right condition, you can now if your engine in over rpm, and then you can maintain well your engine because you use your engine in right condition. Instrument for generally motorcycle is gasoline instrument, like the name this instrument have function to know the gasoline level in your motorcycle tank, in generally motorcycle gasoline instrument use needle but in some motorcycle use digital, gasoline instrument have connected to float in motorcycle gasoline tank, so if your gasoline level can be instrumented in gasoline instrument in handlebar. Gasoline instrument is the most instruments which dont need more maintain than another instrument in motorcycle. And another small instrument like turn light lever, this instrument is small but quite important, because if motorcycle dont have light in day is not important, but if you drive in night can be jeopardize the driver and p eople in motorcycle, many light instrument in right or left handle bar, like turn light instrument, head lamp instrument and beam light, engine stop, horn instrument, start engine button. This part like extension from chassis to give structure for motorcycle, this part connected chassis and wheel, its call swing arm, swing arm like arm can swing smoothly and suspension system do their work to reduce shocking in bumpy road, swing arm made from combine iron and another material, like aluminum. A good swing arm must have good quantification of all things, because swing arm cannot made without quantification, if you made shorter than normal quantification your bike suspension not good feel, and your suspension system cannot give great performance to reduce the shock. Like you made longer than normal quantification, your suspension system cannot reduce well, because your swing arm quite long, if you made longer maybe your swing arm can broken. And then you must look the wheel width is must smaller than swing arm width, because wheel is located in middle of swing arm. Many little parts adhere in swing arm, like gear, and rear suspension. Now many models of swing arm, model of swing arm depend on type of motorcycle, like swing arm for trail motorcycle different for touring motorcycle, for trail motorcycle swing arm width not to width than touring motorcycle swing arm, but need more strength and more slim because trail motor is motorcycle for bumpy road, off road, or for jumping the motorcycle. And for touring motorcycle need more bigly than trail motorcycle to make more comfort because touring motorcycle was design to long trip, so touring motorcycle must more comfort. In some type modification motorcycle, changing quantification is much use, like change the size, width, make longer or make shorter than normal size, change the color or chrome the swing arm, and many more. But if you change the size of swing arm your comfortable definitely not comfort than before you change the size of your motorcycle, but your motorcycle looking maybe can more awesome than before, Handle bar in car is like steering wheel, but in motorcycle not like wheel is like long bar steel but have more lobed in the middle to adhere the chassis, and then connected to front suspension and connected to wheel and front tire, so you can steering or handle your motorcycle well. In handle bar is added by front brake lever in right side of handle bar, and in left side is for clutch lever, but in scooter is for rear brake. Some type of handle bar, first is like a bar, like I said before and the second one like shorter bar clipped to front suspension, one bar clipped one front suspension, but this type of handle bar not quite comfort because make the rider body more bend down use the first type, but second type have more grip and make aerodynamic for motorcycle better, this type of handle bar better to use in race or short trip because make rider tired to ride in long trip. After we look the part of motorcycle, we look equipment for rider. First we look helmet, helmet is protector for head, this helmet can protect head which rider fall down, or hit by another things, because head of people is the important part of body for people. So we must choose high quality helmet, a good quality helmet must have certificated from helmet federation or organization standard quality product, like in Indonesia call SNI. Now helmet have 5 types, 5 types there innovated base in the oldest type, but all the type have benefits and disadvantages. First is the oldest type, it is full face helmet, like the name this helmet protects all the part of head, this is the safeties type of helmet, because this helmet is very strength so definitely make this helmet safeties, but this helmet have some disadvantages, this helmet can easier make rider get warm and foggy, because around head is closed by helmet. This helmet very recommended for race, because race definitely more risk. The second type is innovated based in first type, many customers complaint the first type of helmet because very warm and foggy, and then helmet company innovated new type helmet, it call hybrid helmet, this helmet type like full face helmet but can allow to open chin part of this helmet, so can be more flexible for glasses rider. This type not strength as full face helmet but can more flexible. And the third type is open face helmet, They are aimed to protect the ears and the side of the face. However this kind of helmet doesnt have any chin protection. Visors are often detachable. This helmet most used for scooter or city bike rider, and very not recommend for rider want ride faster, because this helmet not protect around the head. But this helmet type has some benefits, like not to warm and not easily to foggy, and quite light. Women riders like to use this helmet type is quite light and enough safeties. The forth type is shorty helmet, this helmet like bicycle helmet, this helmet n ot have permission to use in street, because this helmet is not have quite protection, this helmet not protect chin and side area. This helmet usually use for custom motorcycle, so like the custom motorcycle this helmet to, many this helmet type is made by custom, like the custom motorcycle rider want their helmet have same color, so their made them. And the last type is motor cross helmet, like the name this helmet especially for cross or trail motorcycle, this helmet like full face helmet but have more long into front in chin part and then no visors in this helmet, but rider usually use goggle for eyes protector. After we looked all type of helmet, you can choose your own helmet base in your interest, if you want more safety you can choose full face helmet but if you want more light weight you can choose hybrid helmet or open face helmet, but really not recommend shorty helmet, because this helmet cannot protect your head well, after you choose your helmet type, I will give you ab out tips and check review. First you must see the license of standard safety in your future helmet, after we make sure this helmet safety you must use in your head, make sure you comfort when you ware you future helmet, because if you can feel comfort when you use your future helmet, certainly you do not want to use your helmet, so firstly after safety is comfort. And the second tips are looked the helmet shell. There are 2 type material which in made for helmet, first is polycarbonate are light weight and very sturdy, and the second material is fiberglass, fiberglass are often high impact resistant, very stable and last a long time. So find your helmet criteria.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

The Essential Element to Be a Financial Planner

â€Å"Describe the essential element to be a successful financial planner in Hong Kong and China. Explain the challenges of practicing ethical financial planning in Hong Kong and China. † Successful financial planning Successful financial planning Establishing trusting relationships with clients Establishing trusting relationships with clients Strong reputation Strong reputation Professional and ethical behavior Professional and ethical behavior Strong financial planning knowledge Strong financial planning knowledge Strong interpersonal skills Strong interpersonal skillsFinancial planning has become much more important over the decade in Hong Kong and China. Many graduates and other people with professional financial planning knowledge engage into the field of financial planning. Being a successful financial planner, certain conditions should be fulfilled to respond the demand of clients and general public. Figure1 Conditions of successful financial planning As figure1 stated, a successful financial planner should establish trusting relationships with their clients which require strong reputation of those financial planners.There are three main elements to construct the strong reputation to the clients, including strong financial planning knowledge, strong interpersonal skills and professional and ethical behavior. Financial planners are required to have the all-round knowledge. They are expected to evaluate all aspects of the clients’ financial needs including consumption, income and wealth analysis, insurance, retirement life, tax and estate planning. They should provide value-added services to fulfill the needs of the clients accordingly. Also, there are some microeconomic and acroeconomic factors would affect the performance of the investment portfolio. A professional financial planner should have related knowledge for clients’ best interest. In Hong Kong, the financial market is well-developed . It is easy to find a large range of fina ncial products to invest. Plenty of choices imply that financial planners should understand the nature of each product to suit the client’s need. To increase public confidence in the financial planning, many banks and insurance companies require their staff to take the CFP examination.As for China, Chinese government has opened the financial market over the years which lead to the changes of the Chinese circumstance frequently. So financial planners in China are required to receive related education to enhance the public confident on financial planning. Taking the example of China taxation system, there were several changes in tax incentive for foreign business and individual income tax. Financial planners in China should aware these changes and modify their tax planning quickly for their clients.Interpersonal skills are essential to financial planners. Because they have to collect the data from their clients to make recommendations to their clients. When collecting data from their clients, financial planners should show their integrity and competence to convince the clients. It can be better to set the financial goal for their clients. Chinese people would not disclose their private information to the stranger easily. It hampers financial planners to help their clients to pursue their financial goals.Financial planners who serve for Chinese people should use their interpersonal skills to get close with their clients and collect more information. Many successful salespeople suggest making friend with the customers and clients. Caring with client’s needs help financial planners to make a close relationship with their clients. For example, one child policy in China makes the citizens to concern more about their retirement life. A financial planner can gain client’s trust by sharing their knowledge on retirement planning and making suggestions.Professional and ethical behavior is the third important element for financial planners to gain repu tation. Nowadays, more people concern about the ethical practice in financial sector, especially after the financial tsunami. Integrity can build trust with the clients and gain reputation. CFP Board set the â€Å"Code of Ethics and Professional Responsibility† which includes several principles – integrity, objectivity, competence, fairness, confidentiality, professionalism and diligence. Without these principles, a financial planner cannot establish a well relationship with their clients.To fulfill these three elements, a financial planner can gain good reputation among their clients and establish trusting relationships with them which make him or her to be a successful financial planner. CFP mark is the qualification recognized by Financial Planning Standards Board (FPSB). A financial planner needs to fulfill certain conditions – education, examination, experience and ethics. Every financial planner would face ethical challenges when practicing financial plann ing. There are some examples for challenges of practicing ethical financial planning in Hong Kong and China.There are complex financial products in Hong Kong and China. It is hard to compare these new and complex products with the traditional one. The aim of financing planning is to provide professional services to suit the needs of their clients. Ethical practice means doing the right thing. A structured product can generate higher cash flow than treasury bonds in the blooming economic. However, it incurs higher risk for the client’s investment at the time. For the financial planner, it is difficult to say for certain that those new and complex products are better than the tradition investment tools.And it makes the decision-making to become harder. Another ethical challenge is the method of compensation. In US, most financial planners are compensated via a combination of fees and commissions. Comparing with the financial planners in Hong Kong and China, many of them are com pensated by commission and low basic salary. Commission is a motivation which drives financial planners to maximize the asset value of their clients. Higher growth rate of the asset value implies higher commission that planners can earn. However, commission-based compensation would bias financial planners to perform a risky portfolio.Instead of concerning clients’ interest, planners would pursue his or her own benefit for survival. Because the basic salary might not be enough for living. In Hong Kong and China, financial planners may face the pressure from their employers or supervisors. They have to meet the monthly quota of some â€Å"recommended† products. In general, they receive high commission by selling these products. Different from the salespeople, financial planners are advising their financial planning to their clients but not selling it. Those â€Å"recommended† products may not be suitable for their clients’ situation and needs.It goes agains t the principle that a financial planner should put client’s interest in the first priority. In conclusion, financial planners have to deal with many ethical dilemmas in reality. When a professional financial planner is facing the difficulty at work, he or she can still put their client’s interest on first and avoid the trap from those unethical practices. In the future, it is expected that the field of financial planning will grow extensively in Hong Kong and China. And there will be more professional financial planners to engage into this field.

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Dickens a Christmas Carol and Priestley’s Essay

By bragging about his knighthood and talking about his strong capitalist views; â€Å"A man has to make his own way,† â€Å"community and all that nonsense,† Birling makes himself unpopular to the audience which is Preistley’s intension when Birling talks about the â€Å"Titanic being absolutely unsinkable,† and the fact that, â€Å"nobody wants war,† this creates dramatic irony as the audience know that the Titanic would sink on its maiden voyage, there would be two world wars, depression and strikes however, the characters don’t know this and in this case they don’t know that Birling is completely wrong in what he is saying. All of this creates a negative diction in which Priestley creates this wealthy, prosperous almost perfect family that looks splendid but is the opposite as they are ignorant and the lowest of low, especially to Priestley who strongly disagrees with their capitalist views. Birling can be compared to scrooge in â€Å"A Christmas carol,† as they both are prosperous, both don’t play a part in their community and they are both set up by Dickens and Priestly to be unsympathetic by using the same techniques like negative diction and them both being ignorant. In the opening scene we also learn about Birling’s family; his wife Sybil Birling who plays little part in the opening act, his son Eric who seems shy and close to being drunk, his â€Å"pretty† daughter Sheila who â€Å"is very pleased with life,† and her light hearted conversation shows she is youthful and enthusiastic. There is also one visitor present, Sheila’s fianci Gerald who is, â€Å"attractive,† and â€Å"the easy well-bred young man-about-town. † His father owns a large business; Crofts Limited and when making his speech, Birling says that, â€Å"we may look forward to the time when Crofts and Birlings are no longer competing but are working together,† which means that Birling being the man we now know him to be, sees his daughters engagement as a clear opportunity for a business deal. However things seem unstable between Sheila and Gerald when she mentions, â€Å"last summer,† in a â€Å"half playful, half serious,† tone. Priestly does this to show that although they look perfect, they all obviously have problems creates unease in the atmosphere and causes conflict and anxiety. The Inspectors arrival instantly adds tension as the lighting is changed on stage to be, â€Å"brighter and harder,† which signals a change of mood in the play and also seems to add menace to the Birling family. Priestley describes the Inspector to be man who; â€Å"creates at once an impression of massiveness, solidity and purposefulness. † This tells the audience that this character is important and the fact that he speaks, â€Å"carefully, weightily, and has a disconcerting habit of looking hard of the person he addresses before actually speaking,† also gives the impression that he knows, hopefully as well as the audience, how ignorant and wrong the family is. The inspector speaks to each of them: â€Å"gravely,† â€Å"dryly,† â€Å"slowly,† â€Å"steadily,† â€Å"plainly,† â€Å"coolly,† â€Å"with authority,† â€Å"massively,† and â€Å"sharply,† which builds up a moralising tone. From this early stage Priestley presents him as a judge and jury of the family’s wrong doings and almost a philosopher and social observer rather than a policeman. For example â€Å"it’s my duty to ask questions,† and in the case of Eva Smith, â€Å"what happened to her then may have determined what happened to her afterwards, and what happened to her afterwards may have driven her to suicide,† comments like these would be out of place being said by a police man. In â€Å"A Christmas Carol,† Dickens voiced his opinions through different characters, in â€Å"An Inspector Calls,† Priestley voices his socialist views through the Inspector when he describes Eva Smith by; using the repetition of no; â€Å"No work, no money,† listing; â€Å"few friends, lonely, half starved,† and emotive language. He also uses biblical reference similar to Dickens, â€Å"we are members of one body,† which is part of a communion prayer which means that we are all equal in the sight of God and that he sees no class barriers. Another example is, â€Å"fire and blood and anguish,† which is a biblical reference to hell and links to World War 1 which Priestley fought in. Also like Dickens he unites the speaker and the audience by using the plural, personal pronoun, â€Å"we,† which emphasises his positive views on the idea of community. The Inspector, referring to Eva Smith says, â€Å"There are a lot of young women living that sort of existence in every city and big town in the country,† â€Å"If there weren’t, the factories and warehouses wouldn’t know where to look for cheap labour,† this is a general social point Priestley is making as well as the fact that there is no clear dividing line between different elements of society, for example, Gerald says, â€Å"we’re respectable citizens not criminals! † to which the Inspector replies, â€Å"Sometimes there isn’t as much difference as you think. † This brings out Priestley’s positive views on the community, that we are all responsible for each other, that we are all part of humanity and we need to share our problems. Also like Dickens’ â€Å"A Christmas Carol,† Priestley gives the Inspector the role of mystic, all knowing power; Shelia notices this when she says to him â€Å"I don’t understand you. † This can be linked to Ouspensky’s theory that existence is a cycle of lives, which we can only escape from if we change them with the help of a gifted or extraordinary person; in this case that person is the Inspector. Through the whole play the Inspector rids the Birling family of their respectability as the audience feel, with the persuasive techniques of the Inspector, that not only are they on trial but the whole of the people in their advantaged social position for treating people like Eva Smith badly; â€Å"Public men, Mr Birling, have responsibilities as well as privileges,† the antithesis in this emphasises Priestley’s just spoken message. Before the Inspector leaves he makes a powerful, prophet like speech, which summarises the play’s philosophy; â€Å"We don’t live alone,† and â€Å"We are responsible for each other;† a biblical message, shows Priestley’s sense for community and the antithesis of â€Å"if men will not learn that lesson they will be taught it in fire and blood and anguish. † represents the two World Wars to come as the play is set in 1912 and it was performed in 1945, to tell the audience that we haven’t learnt anything. The Inspectors speech is very compelling and is used to voice Priestley’s views to the audience. The repetition of â€Å"we,† is a persuasive technique that he uses as well as Dickens’ to captivate the audience and to make them realise that it also involves them. There is a huge difference in the older and younger generations of the family to the reaction of Eva smith. The eldest, for example Mr Birling is not nearly as effect by the story as Shelia who reacts emotionally. She also readily agrees that she has behaved badly and is prepared to admit her faults. She also is keen to change her behaviour; â€Å"I’ll never, never do it again. † Her brother Eric is also anxious to change his ways for the future and is deeply sorry for what he did, together they are also ashamed of their parents; Eric says to his mother, â€Å"You don’t understand anything. You never did. You never even tried. † She and her husband however are less remorseful, Birling in particular as he refuses to take any responsibility for Eva Smith’s death and seems to be more concerned about the money Eric stole from him than Eric’s treatment to Eva Smith. He is also concerned about keeping his ever so important social status when he says to his wife that, â€Å"It isn’t going to do us much good,† and, â€Å"The press might easily take it up,† this shows how ignorant he is and that he represents Priestley’s disgust of capitalist businessmen who are only interested in making money. From this it is clear that it is left up to the younger generation to learn from their mistakes and to change the future to which the Inspector adds, â€Å"They’re more impressionable. † Priestley makes crucial parts of the play more dramatic by using tension; before the Inspector arrives there is a slight unease as Sheila brought up, â€Å"last summer,† to Gerald, which tells us that something already isn’t quite right in the family, there is also irony as Gerald jokingly suggests that, â€Å"Eric has been up to something,† Eric is not amused and uncomfortable at this remark, Gerald insists it’s a â€Å"joke,† but we later find out he has been up to something. The Inspector enters straight after this and again there is more tension built up by him questioning Birling and Sheila but even more so when he begins to question Gerald who reveals that he was with Eva Smith â€Å"last summer,† the act then ends as the Inspector enters and says, â€Å"Well? † This leaves the audience in huge suspense and anticipating what will happen next. After questioning Gerald and Mrs Birling, which adds even more tension when she says that the boy who got Eva Smith pregnant should be, â€Å"compelled to confess in public,† not realising that this boy was her own son Eric, who enters after the Inspector tells her who the boy is. There is huge anxiety and stress now as the inspector has interrogated them all, he leaves with a compelling speech and after this the tension fades away as the family question the Inspectors presence. Was he an Inspector? Was Eva Smith real? They all start to relax apart from the youngest who are ashamed of their behaviour, the eldest seem to be, â€Å"amused,† and the word, â€Å"joke,† reappears, to which straight away the telephone rings, a moments silence creates worry and large amounts of anxiety build up. As Birling tells his family a police Inspector is on his way they all â€Å"stare guiltily and dumbfounded† as the curtain falls. Ending the play here would leave the play open for the audience to make their own decision on what would happen next again this would add tension. Priestley’s intention when adding tension at crucial parts in the play is to make them more memorable and for the audience to really think about the characters involved. It also highlights his message that he is trying to get across; we should all live as a community and see each other as equals. â€Å"A Christmas Carol,† and â€Å"An Inspector Calls,† are similar as they both contain the supernatural and the idea of fate. â€Å"A Christmas Carol,† involves ghosts and spirits, which give us the message that if we do not change our ways for the better we will be punished. This is also true for, â€Å"An Inspector Calls,† as it has a philosophical theme that society needs to change, however, the supernatural is only hinted at as the characters suspect that the Inspector wasn’t real and they have no proof that he was. The Inspector had a moralising almost prophet like presence similar to the spirits. Priestley’s play follows Ouspensky’s theory, as the Inspector is the extraordinary person who changes the lives of the Birling household. Even though Dickens did not know this theory it can be compared to it, as his novel is based on a very similar theme. In, â€Å"A Christmas Carol,† the gifted or extraordinary people who change lives are the spirits. Both texts also follow the concept that in our lives there are significant moments we make which can lead to disaster or salvation; in â€Å"An Inspector Calls,† the Inspector analyses these moments and tries to make the characters see where they have gone wrong. In, â€Å"A Christmas Carol,† Scrooge sees his past present and future and realises that he too has made the wrong decisions in life and plans to change them. The Characters in both stories can also be compared for their similarities; there are the villains; Scrooge and Birling, who are written to be disliked. Both are ignorant, arrogant and have no sense of community that both authors are for. They both symbolise the capitalist businessmen who turn a blind eye to everyone else. In both narratives there are also the victims of the villains behaviour and actions; Tiny Tim and Eva Smith. These characters symbolise the poor; Eva Smith represents the lives of many women of that time. We learn that even though she has been hard done to, she still has the highest morals; she didn’t accept the stolen money that Eric offered her and reclined his offer of marriage, as he didn’t love her. Preistly writes her this way to show that these women are not bad people and that they should not be judged on their social class. Tiny Tim symbolises the poor in, â€Å"A Christmas Carol,† as he creates sympathy for the reader; he is ill and still tries to enjoy life. In both texts, the victims die as part of the villain cruel and unjust behaviour. Both also have a theme of repentance; Eric and Shelia are deeply sorry and ashamed of how they behaved and plan to change their ways if possible. Marley also carries this theme of regret when he comes and warns Scrooge to alter. Each of these characters represents the authors beliefs that we should change become a stronger community and disregard each other’s differences. In both texts there are differences, the obvious being that one is a novel and one is a play. This variation effects how the messages are conveyed; â€Å"A Christmas Carol,† shows the message clearly, and goes into more detail about characters emotions. â€Å"An Inspector Calls,† illustrates the message in a less obvious way and leaves the audience thinking more about its message. The characters emotions can only really be displayed when acting which would give the audience a much clearer image. The more realistic of the two is, â€Å"An Inspector Calls,† because it contains less of the supernatural which makes it easier to believe. â€Å"A Christmas Carol,† could be called a fairytale, as the idea of ghosts and spirits is very unrealistic. Scrooge changes his attitudes through out the novel and is a totally different person from the beginning to the end. This can be said for the younger members of the Birling family; Sheila and Eric both feel wrong and guilty. They too, plan to change how they behave and act. Nevertheless, Mr Birling and Mrs Birling show no signs of changing their capitalist beliefs and they don’t plan to act any differently than before.

Friday, November 8, 2019

Yitzhak Rabin - An Israeli Her essays

Yitzhak Rabin - An Israeli Her essays In his life and in his death Rabin was hero. Throughout his life and deeds he showed courage, determination, morality and devotion to the Israeli people and country. If we went over his life stages we would see that him being a symbol was not for nothing. In every stage we can see an act or a deed of heroism. Rabin was one of the first people who had joined the Palmach which was established in 1940. By doing this he showed the spirit of volunteering and his contributing to others and to the country. Soon he became a successful commander of the Harel corps where he led the battles for freeing Jerusalem in 1948. In these tough and hard fighting he played a major role and led to victory. Although many of his friends where killed he has not lost hope and joined the teams who talked about the firebreak agreements. Later on he wrote about those days: I felt in my heart a deep feeling of moral responsibility towards the warriors whom by their courage blocked with their bodies the enemy from coming.... Rabin, who risked his life in the battles, has never thought about himself but on the people who fought beside him. He then made a personal swear to devote his life to ensure that Israel would never be caught unprepared to foreign aggressiveness. The service in the Israeli Defense Forces is one of the most important values in the Israeli culture. Rabin is a model for many people who served and are still serving in the army. After the Independence war he stayed in the army for many more years and promoted to the head of the Operations Department and to the Chief of Staff second in command. In those years he has made a huge contribution for shaping the army structure, training methods and relationships with other armies. After that he was nominated to be the Chief of Staff of the IDF the highest position one can achieve in the army. Most of his activities were ...

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

The Development of Terrorism essays

The Development of Terrorism essays The development of terrorism in Herfried Mnklers The New Wars The book The New Wars by Herfried Mnkler deals with the main differences between the, so called, old wars and new wars, and its origins. Compared with the old wars a char-acteristic of the new wars is that because of the proceeding globalization constitutional states do not have an explicit monopoly on the use of military force any more , i.e. that theoretically everybody who has any political, ethnical, or social demand could buy weapons and, thus, be a source of danger. Consequently, the new wars consist of two or more war parties not having the same military, monetary and constitutional conditions. As a result, there are war parties which do not respect the traditional conventions like the distinction between combatants and non-combatants. Furthermore, economic interests are mixed with political goals. Mnkler embeds the term terrorism in the wider context of the new wars. Generally spoken, terror-ism can be defined as a form of violence used in order to push through a political w ill with the help of the indirect effects of violence. Originally, terrorism was a part of the war strategy of partisanship supporting the smouldering so called low intensity wars and later became an independent war strategy itself. Terrorism in the nineteenth century, with respect to the Russian revolutionaries who fought for social interests, and in the twentieth century, with regard to the rebellions against the colonial power in the respective colonies, was characteristic of one decisive quality: the limitation of terrorist violence. Terrorists in the nineteenth and twentieth century mostly fought in the name of a certain social or ethnic minority. On the one hand this created a justi-fication for their terrorist acts and the possibility of obtaining human or material supplies from this minori...

Sunday, November 3, 2019

Demand and Supply Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Demand and Supply Paper - Essay Example This people interact in the market freely, or at the time there is intervention by the government or local authority (Welbourn 2007). The forces of demand supply come together and make up the market equilibrium. If the supply of a certain good or service is too high, this will push the price for that particular good or service downwards. If there is too much demand in the market surpassing the supply, the prices of the goods or service will go up (Welbourn 2007). This is because their will be too much money chasing too little goods. For the market to be in equilibrium the forces of demand, have to come together. This will help to determine the price of a particular good or service. To help take in this concept, I have decided to elaborate the concept of demand and supply using a good that most people cannot do without. Toothpaste. Most people tend to be extremely uncomfortable when they do not brush their teeth using toothpaste. The dentists also recommend people to brush their teeth with toothpaste at least twice in a day. This makes toothpaste a vital commodity in every household. QQuantity The above are the demand and supply curves for toothpaste. The demand curve is determined by plotting price on the y-axis and quantity on the x-axis. Since tooth paste is packed in different sachets containing different quantities. One can obtain this information in the local supermarkets. We take the different quantities of toothpaste and the amount they sold for. Through this method, one can easily come up with the demand curve for toothpaste. The same process is to be followed so as to determine the supply curve. The curve obtained by plotting the quantity on the x-axis and price on the y-axis (Welbourn 2007). Equilibrium is the point where the demand and supply curve intersect. In our case indicates no allocative inefficiency. The equilibrium price is P while the equilibrium price will be Q. This, however, is not static as the prices of toothpaste are constantly changi ng. These fluctuations have an effect on demand and supply curves. This will in turn affect the equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity (Klein 2011). In our case, however, the markets are not in perfect equilibrium. This is because there might be excess demand or supply of toothpaste in the market. Another reason might also be that the market does not entirely depend on demand or supply forces to determine the market price (Welbourn 2007. There will be government intervention through taxes, licenses and various other regulations put in place by the government. There are two economic theories that may be used to explain this phenomenon. The first one is the theory of demand, and the other one is the theory of supply (Adil 2006). The theory explains the relationship between the goods demanded by the consumer and the prices. The more a good supplied in excess, in the market then the price for the good or service will drop. This will also have an effect on the equilibrium price as it will also drop. The other theory is that of supply theory. This theory explains that when consumers are in need of a product. That is the supply does not meet the consumers demand than the prices of that commodity increases. In other words, whenever the supply of a commodity is too much the price of a product will decrease (Klein 2011). For the market to be in perfect equilibrium, the following has to happen. The cost of production for any good or service should be constant. This

Friday, November 1, 2019

Book reflection Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Book reflection - Assignment Example Perhaps Thomas King is right because after all the stories of the Old Testament still profoundly interest and shape every new generation that is born, even though the actors who had once acted out these stories and even the stage are all gone. Thus, the stories of the Native Americans continue to instil a sense of the Native American identity and culture in these people, even though, ironically, King knows that very few people know how their lives hinge on them knowing about a story. It is the stories of the past that cause the Native Americans to maintain a firm base in places, even though with the intermingling of nations and the passage of time, those who had maintained roots in a place are there no longer. Thus, even today, a Cherokee from Oklahoma maintains a longing for the Alberta prairies, which were according to the stories, the home of the Cherokee and the border between the United States of America and Canada remains somehow artificial (King, 2003). King writes, â€Å"the border doesn’t mean that much to Native people in either country. It is, after all, the figment of someone else’s imagination†, despite the fact that the two colonial states on either side of the border completely changed the lives of the Native Americans and the border today is extremely significant. The word â€Å"we† in the statement â€Å"The truth about stories is that that’s all we are† presents strong intra-cultural and cross-cultural connections, because perhaps the stories of the Native Americans also have some meanings for others who came from afar to live in the new land with their own stories. Thomas King writes â€Å"What‘s important are the stories I‘ve heard along the way. And the stories I‘ve told. Stories we make up to try to set the world straight† (King, 2003). Only if somehow the stories belonging to every nation were to teach more tolerance and

Wednesday, October 30, 2019

Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 84

Essay Example However, these sources ought to be in the references’ list and cited well in the text. This is because they are not original works of the experimenter but just backing his or her information to elaborate more about the phenomenon under study. The experiment ought to have a hypothesis, which in this case is specific, brief and giving independent variable as well as expected outcome in the depended variable. In most cases, this is only in form of a statement expounding the core relationship that characterizes the entire phenomenon. Its structure should be in such a way to catch attention of the reader by giving him or her aim of conducting this experiment. The report should also give detailed information concerning varied materials used in the study and followed procedure. Hence, highlighting how and when one carried out the entire experiment. This encompasses outlining used experimental design, equipments, procedure and mode of analyzing data. In addition, method and materials’ section addresses control measures that were essential throughout the entire procedure such that the reader can effectively understand the entire process. This is to the extent he or she can accurately repeat the method without making any errors that might occur due to misinformation or incorrectly set method. If it is possible, one can utilize diagrams or images of the already set apparatus with the intention of giving the reader view of how the experiment’s set up should appear incase it is very complex. This section also entails vivid description of all apparatus and any other equipments used throughout the entire procedure. In comparison with other sections, the most outstanding feature about this section is the use of both past and active tenses. Since information relayed in this section includes actions that have already taken place. Results’ section comprises of already tabulated outcomes of the experiment either in table form or just mere statements without

Monday, October 28, 2019

The opening scene Essay Example for Free

The opening scene Essay Romeo Juliet was a play written by William Shakespeare when plays were the main source of entertainment, which if disliked by audiences would end up in actors being hit by rotten fruit and vegetables. With that in mind Shakespeare devised openings to his plays, which gripped the audience immediately with drama, action or humour. For Romeo Juliet he chose to capture his audiences with humour, which is set during a conversation between two Capulet servants Sampson Gregory. They discuss the hatred they share for their rival family the Montagues. The Montagues Capulets are two equal families with a history of blood and violence, destroying the civilisation of Verona. However the teenagers of both families fall in love in a relationship, which could never be because of the rivalry. Thus beginning the story of Rome Juliet. The prologue of the play is just a basic introduction to the play, which gives an outline of the familys history and sets the scene for the play. In the prologue the families are described as two households both a like in dignity showing that however much hate there is between them they will always be the same. It also mentions an ancient grudge and that civil blood makes civil hands unclean. Telling us for years the blood and violence shared between them has destroyed the civilisation of Verona. It also introduces the love, of Romeo Juliet, that could never be. Their love in the prologue is described as a pair of star crossed lovers take their lives thus giving away the ending of the story and completing the full title THE TRADGEDY OF ROMEO JULIET At the start of Act 1 Scene 1 Samson Gregory the servants of the Capulets grip the attention of the audience with a conversation consisting of a string of sexual innuendoes. In the conversation they refer to acts of a sexual nature, which they would bestow upon the maids of Montague given the opportunity and refer to taking the maids virginity as taking their maidenheads. This is intended to grip the audience; as such humour would have been regarded highly back then. This kind of opening seen would keep the audiences attention as they would want to stay to see if the play would go on in the manner in which it has began. During the conversation two servants of the Capulet house, Benvolio Tybalt two very opposite men, meet them. Benvolio is a peacekeeping man who fears the death of himself or someone close to him, in these regular battles. On the other hand Tybalt is a violence crazed, Montague hater who says I hate the word as I hate hell refereeing to the Montague family name and showing how strong his hatred is for the family. However his love of violence is his downfall as Romeo seeks revenge for the death of his close friend Mercutio. The Capulet servants are then joined by two other serving men, one being Abram. The two families then descend into an argument over an offensive thumb biting gesture made by Samson. After a brief argument Samson orders the Capulets to draw there swords, saying draw if you be men enticing them to draw by insulting their status should they refuse battle. Shakespeare uses short sentences here to build up the tension between the families also making it a fast paced scene. However the brawl is interrupted by Prince Escalus who is furious that yet another brawl has broken out in the streets of Verona between the two families over an airy word meaning that the two families have been brawling for meaningless reasons. He describes their rage in a metaphorical term fire of your pernicious rage and goes on to describe the men as beasts. Which is followed by a threat to the Heads of the houses, Lord Montague Lord Capulet, If ever you disturb the our streets again, your lives shall pay the forfeit warning the Lords that if any of their servants disturb Veronas streets they shall be sentenced to the Death Penalty. Romeo is a very unhappy man at the start of the play as he is sulking over being rejected by Rosaline and grieves by locking himself in his room in total darkness. He describes the way in which he the rejection has affected him with confusing images, and use of oxymorons reflecting his state of mind of being confused feather of lead, bright smoke this shows who heart break is affecting him mentally. Romeos mother and Benvolio discuss Romeos behaviour as he has been avoiding his family and friends and his mother becomes increasingly concerned about his behaviour O where is Romeo? Saw you him today? not even his mother knows what is going on with him. This tells us Romeo is a very secretive man who keeps his problems to himself. Benvolio then has a plan to relieve Romeo from his sulking and tells him to Examine other beauties so that he can lure him away from sulking in his room to admire the beauty of other fine women and not sulk for the rest of his life over one girl. Romeo manages to release all his rage however in a vendetta to seek revenge on Tybalt for the death of Mercutio and falls in love with another beauty the teenager daughter of the Capulets but is so madly in love that when a plan for Juliets heart to stop and Romeo to meet up with her but the message never reached Romeo in tie and took himself to the place of Juliets rest and takes poison at which point Juliet recovers only to take the rest of the poison to be with her lover. The two families then decide to settle their differences because of the death of their star crossed lovers Throughout the play Shakespeare illustrates his impressive writing skills by leaving the audience on edge from time to time and leaving them asking questions what will happen next in the storyline. From Act 1 Scene 1 alone the audience are left asking themselves many questions will there be more fighting? , Will the Lords pay the forfeit of life? , Will Romeo find love? , Will there be any more humour? This is a particularly good introduction to the play as within minutes of the start there is plenty to keep the audience enticed.

Saturday, October 26, 2019

Women in Buddhism Essay -- Religion Religious Philosophy Essays

Women in Buddhism The role of women in religion, especially Eastern religions, is a strange one. Western religions are fairly straightforward about a women's place. For example, most Western religions (excluding the Roman Catholic Church) allow women in leadership roles within the religious community. Judaism allows women rabbis, most Christian religions allow women ministers, and even Islam, which does not allow women mullah, have had many influential female sufi's throughout Islamic history. Women have had similar roles in Eastern religion. However, the big difference in Eastern religion is in the philosophical or scriptural attitude towards women versus the actual, "everyday role" of women. According to the Bhagavad Gita, "...those who take shelter in Me, though they be of lower birth -- women, vaisyas (merchants), as well as sudras (workers) -- can approach the supreme destination." (Bhagavad Gita, 9:32) This places women in a spiritual role similar to that of men. However, because of the place of women in traditional Indian society, women are thought to be inferior. This is clearly expressed in the Gita in a number of chapters. Women are thought to be untrustworthy and stupid, easily corrupted (1:40), and a hindrance to men on the path to liberation (16:11- 12). The Manu-samhita, a Hindu book that lays down "the law of the human race," explains that women should not be given freedom and should be protected at all times. According to Swami Prabhupada, the leader of the Krishna Consciousness movement, "That does not mean that women are to be kept as slaves, but they are like children. Children are not given freedom, but that does not mean they are kept as... ...untries, such as Japan, Korea and India, develop more equality towards women, female religious teachers should become much more common. This may be just what Buddhism needs to shake it from its lethargy, and give it a boost of much needed energy. As it stands now, the United States has become the spiritual center for Buddhism, a fact that has a lot to do with the role of women in these traditions. WORKS CITED A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, trans. Bhagavad Gita As It Is. New York: Collier Books, 1972. Bays, Gwendolyn, trans. The Lalitavistara Sutra. Berkeley, CA: Dharma Publishing, 1983. Coomaraswamy, Ananda. Buddha and the Gospel of Buddhism. Secaucus, NJ: Citadel Press, 1988. Tworkow, Helen. Butsumon. Spring 1990. San Francisco: Buddhist Bookstore and Buddhist Churches of America. Women in Buddhism Essay -- Religion Religious Philosophy Essays Women in Buddhism The role of women in religion, especially Eastern religions, is a strange one. Western religions are fairly straightforward about a women's place. For example, most Western religions (excluding the Roman Catholic Church) allow women in leadership roles within the religious community. Judaism allows women rabbis, most Christian religions allow women ministers, and even Islam, which does not allow women mullah, have had many influential female sufi's throughout Islamic history. Women have had similar roles in Eastern religion. However, the big difference in Eastern religion is in the philosophical or scriptural attitude towards women versus the actual, "everyday role" of women. According to the Bhagavad Gita, "...those who take shelter in Me, though they be of lower birth -- women, vaisyas (merchants), as well as sudras (workers) -- can approach the supreme destination." (Bhagavad Gita, 9:32) This places women in a spiritual role similar to that of men. However, because of the place of women in traditional Indian society, women are thought to be inferior. This is clearly expressed in the Gita in a number of chapters. Women are thought to be untrustworthy and stupid, easily corrupted (1:40), and a hindrance to men on the path to liberation (16:11- 12). The Manu-samhita, a Hindu book that lays down "the law of the human race," explains that women should not be given freedom and should be protected at all times. According to Swami Prabhupada, the leader of the Krishna Consciousness movement, "That does not mean that women are to be kept as slaves, but they are like children. Children are not given freedom, but that does not mean they are kept as... ...untries, such as Japan, Korea and India, develop more equality towards women, female religious teachers should become much more common. This may be just what Buddhism needs to shake it from its lethargy, and give it a boost of much needed energy. As it stands now, the United States has become the spiritual center for Buddhism, a fact that has a lot to do with the role of women in these traditions. WORKS CITED A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, trans. Bhagavad Gita As It Is. New York: Collier Books, 1972. Bays, Gwendolyn, trans. The Lalitavistara Sutra. Berkeley, CA: Dharma Publishing, 1983. Coomaraswamy, Ananda. Buddha and the Gospel of Buddhism. Secaucus, NJ: Citadel Press, 1988. Tworkow, Helen. Butsumon. Spring 1990. San Francisco: Buddhist Bookstore and Buddhist Churches of America.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Fahrenheit 451 Socratic Seminar

Keeping people out of â€Å"the cave† can be a burdensome task that requires a plentiful amount of strategy and intelligence. â€Å"The cave† may be defined as a somber place where the ignorance of those who inhabit it manifests and thrives, and this cave is an internal part of one’s mind, body, and soul. In order to keep people out of the cave, one must make certain that the confined are enlightened, the false interpretations of the real world are analyzed, the chains of limitations are released, and the truth must always be spoken.In schools, countries, and everywhere around the world, it is crucial that all inhabitants are enlightened and given the opportunity to learn, interpret, and experience the meaning of life. It is up to everyone to assist each other and speak the truth. It is up to everyone to construct the world and society in which it is healthy and safe to live. It is up to everyone to keep each other out of â€Å"the cave. † By characterizin g Mildred as shallow, apathetic, and not particularly intelligent, Bradbury uses her as a specimen to exemplify the personalities and characteristics of the people living in the city at this time.She is portrayed as a shell of a human being without any spirituality or emotion which also illuminates the mindsets and values of the rest of the people in the city. The avoidance of confrontation of oneself is extremely substantial when taking into consideration the fact that the people living in the city were in â€Å"the cave,† a gloomy and dismal part of one’s mind, body, and soul. Mildred’s insipid lifestyle and characterization indicate the meaninglessness in which she lives and that she is vacant of any thoughts or feelings. Bradbury uses Mildred as a representation of the characteristics of everyone living in the city. Fahrenheit 451 Socratic Seminar Keeping people out of â€Å"the cave† can be a burdensome task that requires a plentiful amount of strategy and intelligence. â€Å"The cave† may be defined as a somber place where the ignorance of those who inhabit it manifests and thrives, and this cave is an internal part of one’s mind, body, and soul. In order to keep people out of the cave, one must make certain that the confined are enlightened, the false interpretations of the real world are analyzed, the chains of limitations are released, and the truth must always be spoken.In schools, countries, and everywhere around the world, it is crucial that all inhabitants are enlightened and given the opportunity to learn, interpret, and experience the meaning of life. It is up to everyone to assist each other and speak the truth. It is up to everyone to construct the world and society in which it is healthy and safe to live. It is up to everyone to keep each other out of â€Å"the cave. † By characterizin g Mildred as shallow, apathetic, and not particularly intelligent, Bradbury uses her as a specimen to exemplify the personalities and characteristics of the people living in the city at this time.She is portrayed as a shell of a human being without any spirituality or emotion which also illuminates the mindsets and values of the rest of the people in the city. The avoidance of confrontation of oneself is extremely substantial when taking into consideration the fact that the people living in the city were in â€Å"the cave,† a gloomy and dismal part of one’s mind, body, and soul. Mildred’s insipid lifestyle and characterization indicate the meaninglessness in which she lives and that she is vacant of any thoughts or feelings. Bradbury uses Mildred as a representation of the characteristics of everyone living in the city.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

How movies influence kids Essay

My Favorite Holiday My favorite holiday is Christmas. Christmas was the month Jesus Christ was born. Traditionally celebrated at home, Christmas is thought to be a family holiday. However nowadays the habits and ideas of people have changed very much. Christmas becomes more of a global holiday when it is appropriate to meet with many friends and go out for a round the night crazy celebrations. Every person finds their own most favorite thing about Christmas. In this small essay I will explain what this holiday means to me, and what are the best parts of it that I enjoy. As for me, the best thing about Christmas is giving. During Christmas I buy toys and clothes and to donate them to Churches and Charities to help those that are less fortunate. Christmas season people are usually more friendly and gentle to each other. They try to leave every sorrow and offense behind in the year that is passing by. I think this approach is a exercise for a person to make them feel good mentally and physically giving happiness and hope for a better future in the next year . When there is joy in the air, the organism wants to celebrate along with the mind. The renewal of the hope is felt all around. I have loved the celebration of Christmas since my early childhood. I still enjoy decorating the Christmas tree and simply walking around the streets looking at the decorations of the buildings and the trees around the city. In our country Christmas trees stand everywhere, for instance you can see them in squares and parks, in schools and offices, in shops and at homes. And what fun is it to wake up early in the morning and take a look under the tree seeking the presents Santa Clause brought. Of course, now that I am grown I know that someone from my family puts the presents there but I still wish to think that a very kind and fair old man called Santa Clause does it. As Santa brings the presents to the small children, the grown-ups enjoy exchanging presents with each other. I like giving presents to people, also like to get them as well he-he!! Most of all in conclusion WHAT IS CHRISTMAS? Christmas is the season during which Christians everywhere give thanks to God the Father for the birth of His Son, Jesus Christ.

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Application Information for Nurses Overseas

Application Information for Nurses Overseas Nurses who have trained and qualified in another country other than Australia have to be assessed by the Australian Nursing Council (ANC) on their overseas qualification when seeking registration in Australia. The assessment may be conducted directly through interview at the National Board’s Office or through an Australian Government office overseas (Nurse In Australia 2010). Forms for application are always available at the ANC offices or Australian Government offices. Therefore, a qualified nurse who is interested in registering as a practitioner in the country has to obtain the application forms and complete them. After completing the application forms, the person has to submit the form together with his or her qualification documents to the Board’s office. This has to be done in person or submitted via email. A prescribed fee has to be paid while submitting the application forms and the documents. The documents required during application include the degree, diploma or certificate that was obtained from the educational institution or hospital where the course was undertaken (Swingshift Nurses 2007). Accompanying these are transcripts and sometimes records of the education program(s) which were undertaken during training, and issued by the institution/hospital where the training took place. These transcripts should show the details such as the theoretical content of the course, duration of the course, number of lecture hours in each unit/subject (Swingshift Nurses 2007). The transcripts should also give evidence for clinical experience in terms of number of weeks or days in every clinical area covered (Brutish Nursing 2008). Finally, they should also include the language of instruction (Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency 2011 (b)). The applicant must also submit his or her initial certificate of registration from the country where he or she had trained or attained the qualification(s). If this can not be obtained, then verification is sent to the nurse regulatory authority of the country where the training was undertaken (Swingshift Nurses 2007). The Board also sends a direct verification to the applicant’s current registration in the country where he or she last practised (Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency 2011 (b)). The applicant is also required to present his or her identity; meaning that current passport or birth certificate has to accompany the above documents. In case of name change, the applicant can provide marriage certificate or any other document that can prove the change. Finally, the applicant must also provide proof of work experience (Brutish Nursing, 2008). After submission of these documents, the applicant requiring assessment is given a letter informing him or her of the requirements needed to qualify for the registration should the application be considered by the National Board (Swingshift Nurses 2007). A nurse who wishes to be considered for registration, but has a non-English speaking background, has to undergo English language proficiency test. The Australian Nursing Council (ANC) ensures that applicants who had been trained in education systems in which English is not the first language demonstrate their proficiency in English (Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency 2011 (a)). The ANC only recognizes two types of English proficiency tests which are; the Occupational English Test (OET) and the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) (Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency 2011 (b)). In whichever test chosen by the applicant, an overall pass mark must be attained in order to be approved by the ANC. The aim of the assessment process is to provide the applicant with an orientation to the healthcare system of the country. For an applicant to be registered, he or she must demonstrate ability to work as a registered nurse in the country. Reference List Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (a), 2011, Registration requirements. [Online] available at ahpra.gov.au/Registration/Registration-Process/Registration-Requirements.aspx . Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency(b), 2011, Overseas practitioners. [Online] available at ahpra.gov.au/Registration/Registration-Process/Overseas-Practitioners.aspx . Brutish Nursing, 2008, Nursing in Australia New Zealand. [Online] available at brutish-nursing.com/wk_ausnz.html Nurse In Australia, 2010, National registration for nurses. [Online] available at nurseinaustralia.com/national-registration-for-nurses/ Swingshift Nurses, 2007, Nurse registration information: NBV overseas applicant information. [Online] available at australiannursingagency.com/nbv_information.htm